½Òµ{¾Ç²ß­nÂI

 

½Òµ{¾Ç²ß­nÂI

¼Æ­È¤èªk³o¤@ªù¾Ç°Ý¡A¬O­n±Ð§Ú­Ì¦p¦ó§â¤@­Ó¥i¥H¥Î¤èµ{¦¡ªí¹F¥X¨Óªº¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃD¡AÂà¤Æ¬°¥i¥H¾A¥Î©ó¹q¸£¤ÏÂЭ¡¥N¹B§@¤è¦¡ªººtºâªk¡A¶i¦Ó¯àÅý§Ú­Ì¨Ï¥Î¹q¸£¥h¨D¸Ñ³o­Ó¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃD¡C ¼Æ­È¤èªkªº¤º²[»á¼s¡AÁ|¤Z¨D¸Ñ¥X¸Ó¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃD©Ò­n¯A¤Îªº¦hºØ¼h­±¡A½Ñ¦p¡A¤£¦Pºtºâ¤èªkªº¿ï¾Ü¡Bºë½T«×ªº±±¨î»PµwÅé®Ä¯àªº°t¦X¡A³£¥]§t¦b¼Æ­È¤èªk©Ò²[»\ªº½dÃ¥¤§¤¤¡C

¼Æ­È¤èªk³q±`¬O¥Î¨Ó¸Ñ¨MµLªk¥H¤½¦¡±À¾É²¤Æ (¤£½×¬O¾a¤@¯ë¶Ç²Îªºµ§ºâ©Î¥Î©Ò¿×ªº²Å¸¹¹Bºâ Symbolic Computing) ªº¼Æ¾Ç¦¡¹Bºâ¨D­È©Î¤èµ{¦¡¨D¸Ñªº°ÝÃD¡C¥Ñ©ó¤£¬O¯àªR¸Ñ(¤]´N¬O»¡µª®×¨Ã¤£¬O¥H¼Æ¾Ç¨ç¼Æºc¦¨ªº¤½¦¡¨Óªí¹F¡A¦Ó¬O¥H¼Æ­È¨Óªí¹F)¡A¥Ñ¦¹¤@­Ó·sªº°ÝÃD¡A§Y¨Ï¬O»P¤§«e³B²z¹LªºÃþ¦ü¡A³£»Ý­n­«·s¥Î¼Æ­È¤èªk¨D¸Ñ¤@¦¸°ÝÃD¡C¼Æ­È¤èªk³o­Ó¦WºÙ¤§¹ïÀ³©ó¨ä¤Ï¸qµü "¸ÑªR¤èªk analytic methods"¡A ¦³³o¼Ë¥»½è¤Wªº®t²§©Ê¦s¦b¡C¬ì¾Ç¬ã¨s©Î¤uµ{À³¥Î¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡A¦b¤j¦hªº±¡ªp¤U³£¬O½ÆÂøÃø¥HÀò±o¸ÑªR¸Ñªº°ÝÃD¡A§Ú­Ì¦]¦¹¥²¶·¹ï³o¨Ç­Ó§Oªº¡B©Ò¦³ªº­Ó®×³£¶i¦æ¼Æ­È¹Bºâ¡A¹³¬O¨C¤éªº¤Ñ®ð¹w³ø±q³o­Ó¨¤«×¨Ó¬Ý¡A¯à°÷¼ô½m©ó¼Æ­È¤èªkªºÀ³¥Î«K¬O¤Q¤À­«­nªº¡C

 

¬°¬Æ»ò­n¾Ç²ß¼Æ­È¤èªk¡] §Y ¼Æ­È¤èªk¦b¬ì¾Ç»P¤uµ{¤Wªº­«­n©Ê ¡^

¦]¬°ª«²z¾Ç®a(ª«²z¨t¾Ç¥Í)ªº°V½m¡A»Ý­n¦³¤@­Ó§¹¾ã¯à ¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD (Problem Solving) ªº¯à¤O¡A¤@­Ó¯u¹ê¥@¬É¤¤ªº¬ì¾Ç©Î¤uµ{¤W¤§°ÝÃD¤§Àò±o¸Ñ¨Mªºµ{¦¡¤£·|¹³¬O°ò¦±Ð¬ì®Ñªº²ßÃD¨º¼Ë¡A¦³§¹¾ãªº¹w³]±ø¥ó¥H¨Ñ®M¤J¤@­Ó§Y©wªº¤½¦¡¥hÀò±oµª®×¡C¦Ó¬O¨Ó¦Û"¯u¹ê¥@¬É"ªº°ÝÃD¡A¨Ò¦p¨º¤@­Ó§÷®Æ·|¤ñ¸û¦X§Ú­Ì¯S©wªº¥Î³~¡A«ç¼Ë³]­pªº¾÷±ñ¦³³Ì¦nªº®Ä²vµ¥µ¥¡C

¥H¤U§Ú¥Î¤@­Óª÷¦r¶ð¨Ó»¡©ú¨Ã¸Ñºc§Q¥Î¹q¸£¸Ñ¨M¯u¹ê°ÝÃDªº¨BÆJ¡G

°ÝÃD
ª«²z¶q
¼Æ¾Ç¼Ò«¬
ºtºâªk¤Îµ{¦¡
¼Æ­È­pºâ¤Î¤ÀªR
µ²½×¡B¸ÑÄÀ¡B¹w´ú

¤@­Ó¯u¹ê¥@¬Éªº°ÝÃD­nÀò±o¸Ñ¨M¡A§Ú­Ì¥²¶·­n±q´X­Ó­«­nªº¨BÆJ(±qª«²z¾Ç®aªº°V½m¦Ó¨¥)¡A­º¥ý¡A"¯u¹ê¥@¬É"ªº°ÝÃD¤¤§ì¤¤ÃöÁ䪺"ª«²z¶q"¬O¬Æ»ò¡A½è¶q¡B¾É¹q«Y¼Æ¡B¼u©Ê«Y¼Æ(µw«×)¡A³o¨Ç³£¬Oª«²z¶q¡A¦Ó¤£¯à¥u§â°Ý°ÝÃDªº¼h¦¸°±¯d¦b¨º­Ó§÷®Æ¤ñ¸û"¦n"¡B"Àu¨}"¡B"­@¥Î"¡B"²z·Q" µ¥«D "ª«²z" ªº©Î«D "ª«²z¶q" ªº´y­z¡A³o¬O²Ä¤@¨B¡C

¦A¨Ó¡A¬O«ä¦Ò³o¨Çª«²z¶q¬O»P¨ä¥Lªº¨º¨Çª«²z¶q¦³Ãö¡A¦Óª«²z¶q¤§¶¡ªºÃö«Y³q±`¥H¼Æ¾Ç¦¡¤l¨Óªí¥Ü¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A´N¬O§Ú­Ì¤@ª½¦b¾Çªº¦UºØª«²z©w«ß¡C¦p´y­zªi°Ê²É¤l¤G¤¸©ÊªºÁ§¤B®æ¤èµ{¦¡¡A¥H¤Î´y­z¹qºÏ³õªº°¨§J´µ«Âº¸¤èµ{¦¡µ¥¡Cª«²z©w«ß¬OµLªkÃÒ©ú¹ï¿ùªº¡A¤é«á¤]¦³¥i¯à³Q­×¥¿©Î¬Æ¦Ü±À½¡A¨Ò¦p¬Û¹ï½×­×¥¿¤û¹y¤O¾Ç¡A¦]¦¹¥H¼Æ¾Ç¦¡ªí¥Ü¥X¨Óªºª«²z©w«ß¡A§Ú­Ì¤]¥iµø¤§¬°¬O¬°¤F´y­z¦ÛµM²{¶H©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¼Æ¾Ç¼Ò«¬¡C

¨Ò¦p¬õ¤ò«°¤W¯¥¥xªº¯u¹ê°ÝÃD¡A¬O¼uµÛÂI¡A¤]´N¬O¯¥¼uªº­y¸ñ¡C­y¸ñ¦bµo®g«e¨Ã¤£ª¾¹D¡AµM¦Ó¡A®Ú¾Ú¤û¹y¹B°Ê©w«ß f = ma = m(d2x/dt2) ¡A¦Ó³oùتº¤O¬O­«¤O f = mg¡A¬°¤wª¾¡C¦Ó¾ã­Ó°ÝÃDªº¤¤¤ß¡AÅܦ¨­n¨D¸Ñ¤û¹y¹B°Ê¤èµ{¦¡¤¤ªº¥¼ª¾¨ç¼Æ¡A¤]´N¬O­y¸ñ¡Aªº°ÝÃD¡C

¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¥¿¬O­pºâ¬¶¼u­y¸ñªº°ÝÃD¡A¹ï«P¹q¤l­pºâ¾÷ªº¦­´Áµo®i´£¨Ñ¤F±À°Ê¤O¡C¦³¦Wªº ENIAC ¡]¹q¤l¼Æ­È¿n¤À»P­pºâ¾¹¡^¡A©Ò¿×¤½»{ªº²Ä¤@³¡ªx¥Î¥iµ{¦¡ªº¹q¤l­pºâ¾÷¡A´N¬O«Ø³y¥Î¨Ó¿n¤À¬¶¼u­y¸ñªº¡C

http://libai.math.ncu.edu.tw/bcc16/pool/2.01.shtml
http://www.geocities.com/pc_hist/comp_beg.htm

 

¦³¤F¼Æ¾Ç¼Ò«¬­n¨D¸Ñ¡A«h§Ú­Ìªº¯u¹ê°ÝÃD¤w¸gÂà¤Æ¦¨¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃD¡C¦A¤U¤@¨B¦³¨âºØ¥i¯à¡A¤@­Ó¬O§Q¥Î¤½¦¡±À¾Éªº¤èªk¡]¤S¥s¸ÑªR¤èªk¡^¡A§â¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃDªº¸Ñ¨ÓÀò±o¡F¥t¤@ºØ¥i¯à¡A«h¬O¨Ï¥Î¹q¸£¹Bºâ¨Ó¨D±o©Ò¿×ªº¼Æ­È¸Ñ¡C­Y­n±Ä¥Î±Ö¼Æ­È¤èªk¡A­º¥ý¡A¶·¦A§â¤HÃþ²ßºD¬Ýªºªº¼Æ¾Ç¤½¦¡Âà¤Æ¬°¾A¦X¹q¸£¤ÏÂйBºâªººtºâªk¡A¦A¨Ì¹q¸£¬Ý±oÀ´ªºµ{¦¡»y¨¥¼g¤U¨Ó¡]¦b¹ê§@¤W«hÁٻݭn¥Î½sĶ¾¹²£¥Í°õ¦æÀÉ¡A¥¦¬O¾÷¾¹¯uªº¥i¥H±µ¨üªº¤G¤¸½X¡^¡C

¦³¤Fµ{¦¡¤§«á«K¥i¥H®³¨Ó¶]­pºâ¡A³o»Ý­n¦b¤@­Ó¼Æ­È¹BºâªºÀô¹Ò¤¤¨Ó¶i¦æ¡A³o¼ËªºÀô¹Ò³q±`¥Ñ¹q¸£µwÅé¡Bºô¸ô¡B§@·~¨t²Î¡A¥H¤ÎÀ³¥Î³nÅé¡]¥]§t½sĶ¾¹¡B¨ç¦¡®w¡B§@¹Ï³nÅé¡B¾Þ§@¤ÀªR¤¶­±©Î¨ä¥L±M¥Îªºµ¥¡^¡C¹q¸£¶]§¹«áªº¼Æ¾Ú¥i¯à¬OÃe¤j¦Ó½ÆÂøªº¡A¦]¦¹¶·­n¦³¦³®Äªº¼Æ¾Úªí¦C¤è¦¡¡A©Î¬OÂǥѵøı¤Æ¡]visualisation¡^¨Ó¬ðÅã¼Æ¾Ú¤º©Òíô²[ªº·N¸q¡]¹³§Ú­Ì¦b¬Ý¤Ñ®ð¹w³ø®Éªº®ð¶H¹Ï¨º¼Ë¡^¡A¥H¤W§Ú¥B§â¥¦­ÌÂkÃþ¨ì "¤ÀªR" ³o­Ó°Ê§@¡A·N«ü³Æ§´¥i¨Ñµy«áª½±µ«ú¨ú¥Î¥H¤ä«ù©Î¤Ï¹ï­ì¦³¬ì¾Ç±À½×µ²ªG¤§¼Æ¾Úªº°Ê§@¡C

§Y«K¬O¿ï¹ï¤Fºtºâªk¡B¼g¤F¦nµ{¦¡¡A¤]¶]§¹¤F¼Æ­È­pºâ¡A¬Æ¦Ü§@¥Xº}«Gªº¹Ï¡A¦pªG´N°±¦b³oùتº¸Ü¡A¤´µM¤£ºâ¬O§@¨ì¤F "¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD" ªºªì°J¡C¦b§Ú­Ì¨ú±o¨¬°÷¥i¾a«×ªº¼Æ¾Ú¤§«á¡A¥²¶·³]ªk°ò©ó¸Ó¼Æ¾Ú¨Ó¹ï§Ú­Ì±´°Qªº°ÝÃDªºÆ[ÂI§@¥Xµ²½×¡A©Î¹ï©Ò¬ã¨sªº²{¶H§@¥X¸ÑÄÀ¡A§í©Î¬O¹ï©Ò­n¦ôºâªºª«©Ê§@¥X¹w´ú¡A³o¼Ë¤~ºâ§¹¦¨¤F¤@¦¸¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃDªº¬yµ{¡C¤j®a¤@©w­n°O±o¡A¨º©È¬O¤£§¹¥þ«OÃÒ¥¿½Tªºµ²½×¡B¸ÑÄÀ©Î¹w´ú¡A­Y¨S¦³Á¿¥X³o¤@¨B¡A«e­±ªº§V¤O¤´¤£¨ã¦³¹ê»Úªº¥Î³B¡C

 

¦p¦ó¾Ç¦n¼Æ­È¤èªk

¹ê»Ú¾Þ§@½m²ß¡A¦h¼gµ{¦¡¡C

¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃD¥²¶·­n¯à°÷Âà´«©Î²Å¦X¹q¸£¹B§@¨ººØ¤ÏÂЭ¡¥N¤è¦¡ªººtºâªk¡A¨Ã¥B¥Îµ{¦¡»y¨¥¨Ó§i¶D¹q¸£¦p¦ó¥h¶i¦æºtºâªk©Ò³W¹º¥X¨Óªº¹Bºâ°Ê§@¡C³o¨Ç³£¤£¬O§Ú­Ì¤HÃþªº¥»¯à©Î¬O¹L¥h¾Ç²ßªº¼Æ¾Ç¤èªkùاڭ̩Ҽô±xªº¡C¦]¦¹¹ê»Úªº¾Þ§@¡B¶Ô¥[½m²ß¡B¦h¼gµ{¦¡¥¿¬O¯à¾Ç¦n¼Æ­È¤èªkªºÃöÁä¡C

¾Ç¦Ó®É²ß¤§¡A¤£¥ç»¡¥G

 

¥»½Òµ{ªº¯S¦â

1. ­^»y¤W½Ò¡]­­¤j¤T¶}½Ò®É¡F¤j¤G¤W½Ò¤´¥Î¤¤¤å¡^
2. ¼Æ¾Ç°ÝÃDªº­åªR
3. °Æµ{¦¡ª½±µ®M¥Î
4. ¦b Linux Àô¹Ò
5. ¥­¦æ­pºâ
6. §¹¥þ¦Û¦æ«Ø¥ßÀô¹Òªº¯à¤O